ABSTRACT
Urinary tract infection (UTI) has a high worldwide incidence and is a major nosological entity requiring attention in medical practice. UTIs are among the most common bacterial infections of Homo sapiens sapiens, with special participation of Escherichia coli, responsible for 70% to 85% of community UTIs among healthy adult women. When urinary infection triggers the systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) it is characterized as urinary sepsis. From this perspective, the purpose of this article is to approach - through literature review using a defined search strategy - the main aspects related to UTI and urinary sepsis, discussing the etiology, risk factors, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnostic methods, treatment, preventive measures and prospects - highlighting, in the latter context, proteomic analysis and in silico experimentation.